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County: Harlan

Civil War Routes

Marker Number:

570

Location:

US 421, 4 mi. S of Cawood

This area important passageway for Union and Confederate forces. USA moved along Poor Fork and CSA along Clover Fork of Cumberland River; each route reflected local sentiment. February 1862 USA forces under Brig. Gen. T. T. Garrard, grandson of Ky.'s second governor, camped here. Later CSA troops under Gen. H. Marshall camped here.

Erected February 15, 1963.

Subjects:
County: Harlan

Courthouse Burned

Marker Number:

588

Location:

Courthouse Lawn, Harlan

Twenty-two Kentucky courthouses were burned during Civil War, nineteen in last fifteen months: twelve by Confederates, eight by guerrillas, two by Union accident. See map on reverse side. The courthouse at Harlan was burned in reprisal for burning of Lee County, Va., courthouse, October, 1863. County records in clerk's office nearby were saved.

Erected in 1963.

Subjects:
County: Harlan

Inspiration Mountain

Marker Number:

775

Location:

US 119, 421, N. of Harlan

Little Shepherd Trail, part of setting for: Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come, Hell for Sartain, Trail of the Lonesome Pine, by John Fox, Jr., famous for eleven novels of Ky. mountains and the Bluegrass, written 1893 to 1919. Born Paris, Ky., 1863. Harvard, 1883. Spanish-American War, 1898. Moved to Big Stone Gap, Va., 1886, had mining business. Died in 1919.
Subjects:
County: Harlan

Inspriation Mountain

Marker Number:

776

Location:

N. of Cumberland, US 119

Little Shepherd Trail, part of setting for: Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come, Hell for Sartain, Trail of the Lonesome Pine, by John Fox, Jr., famous for eleven novels of Ky. mountains and the Bluegrass, written 1893 to 1919. Born Paris, Ky., 1863. Harvard, 1883. Spanish-American War, 1898. Moved to Big Stone Gap, Va., 1886, had mining business. Died in 1919.
Subjects:
County: Harlan

County Named, 1819

Marker Number:

785

Location:

Harlan Courthouse Lawn

For Major Silas Harlan, born Va., 1752, came to Ky. in 1774. Built Harlan's Station, 7 miles south of Harrodsburg on Salt River, 1778. Commanded spies, 1779, in Illinois campaign of Gen. George R. Clark, who said: "He was one of bravest soldiers that ever fought by my side." Killed, 1782, at the battle of Blue Licks while commanding his detachment. Buried at Blue Licks.
Subjects:
County: Harlan

Lynch

Marker Number:

1803

Location:

Lynch, KY 160

Built by U.S. Steel Corp., 1917-25, this was largest company-owned town in Kentucky through World War II. Crucial need for steel during WW I led to founding of town, site of millions of tons of high-quality coal. With largest coal tipple then in existence, Lynch had first fully electrified coal mine in U.S. Much of the self-contained, model city dismantled in 1960s by U.S. Steel.
Subjects:
County: Harlan

Joseph Alexander Matthews (1902-1970)

Marker Number:

1995

Location:

Benham, Main St., near Ky. Coal Mining Museum, KY 160

Principal of the East Benham High School, 1934-60. Matthews taught math and coached ball teams. The students were children of employees of Wisconsin Steel Coal Company. Joseph Matthews and his wife Ruth were leaders in black community and bought food, clothes, and supplies for the needy. Presented by Students, Faculty, and Friends and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects:
County: Harlan

Lynch Colored High School - West Main High School

Marker Number:

2109

Location:

Lynch, 278 W. Main St., KY 160

This brick facility was built in 1923 by the United States Coal and Coke Co., then leased to Lynch Colored Common Graded School District. Students from Benham and Lynch enrolled in the high school. The first four graduates received their diplomas in 1928. See over. Presented by Lynch Pirates Alumni Association.
Reverse Description:

Lynch Colored High School - West Main High School - W. L. Shobe was principal, 1939-56, and was an outstanding and progressive administrator. After Professor Shobe's retirement, Coach John V. Coleman promoted to principal; school name changed to West Main High. School had many notable students and athletes. Presented by Lynch Pirates Alumni Association and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.

Dedicated May 24, 2003.

Subjects:
County: Harlan

Pine Mountain Settlement School

Marker Number:

2387

Location:

36 Highway 510, 15 miles NW of Harlan

Realizing the need for better education in the area, William Creech donated land for the school. Katherine Pettit, founder of the Hindman Settlement School, and Ethel De Long Zande opened the school in 1913. It has a tradition of progressive education methods and preserving regional folk arts.
Reverse Description:

A Community School- A boarding school in its early years, it became a community day school in 1949, later changing to environmental education in 1972. Architect Mary Rockwell Hook designed the major buildings. The school is a recognized leader in regional reform. It is also home to a state nature preserve and is a National Historic Landmark.

Dedicated November 22, 2012.

Subjects:
County: Harlan

Scouting in Harlan County

Marker Number:

2413

Location:

306 E. Clover St., Harlan

A Boy Scout troop was organized by Will Ward Duffield and chartered by the National BSA Council on June 20, 1912 at the First Presbyterian Church of Harlan. The troop’s first camping trip was featured in Boy’s Life. 100 years of scouting in Harlan was celebrated at Camp Blanton on June 23, 2012.

Dedicated November 12, 2013.

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